aluminum versus vanadium grain refinement in steel « BINQ ...
· Effect of Vanadium Addition at a Rate of % on the Mechanical .. Keywords: Copper, Vanadium, Grain refinement, Microhardness, . which ensure a cooling rate of the metal on the order of 106 K/s, promotes the . Binary Al5%V was prepared by melting 95 gm of pure aluminum, and then 5 gm of vanadium . »More detailed